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| Drug Name: | Meperidine Hydrochloride |
| Manufacturer: | HOSPIRA, INC. |
| Other Info: | CIIRx only300 mg (10 mg/mL)ONLY FOR USE WITH A COMPATIBLEHOSPIRA PCA PUMP SET WITH INJECTORAND A COMPATIBLE HOSPIRA INFUSIONDEVICE. |
| Clinical Trials: | |
Hypersensitivity to meperidine.Meperidine is contraindicated in patients who are receiving monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitors or those who have recently received such agents.
Therapeutic doses of meperidine have occasionally precipitated unpredictable, severe, and occasionally fatal reactions in patients who have received such agents within 14 days.
The mechanism of these reactions is unclear, but may be related to a pre-existing hyperphenylalaninemia. Some have been characterized by coma, severe respiratory depression, cyanosis, and hypotension, and have resembled the syndrome of acute narcotic overdose. In other reactions the predominant manifestations have been hyperexcitability, convulsions, tachycardia, hyperpyrexia, and hypertension.
Although it is not known that other narcotics are free of the risk of such reactions, virtually all of the reported reactions have occurred with meperidine.
If a narcotic is needed in such patients, a sensitivity test should be performed in which repeated, small, incremental doses of morphine are administered over the course of several hours while the patient’s condition and vital signs are under careful observation.
(Intravenous hydrocortisone or prednisolone have been used to treat severe reactions, with the addition of intravenous chlorpromazine in those cases exhibiting hypertension and hyperpyrexia.
The usefulness and safety of narcotic antagonists in the treatment of these reactions is unknown).Solutions of meperidine hydrochloride and barbiturates are chemically incompatible.Meperidine can produce drug dependence of the morphine type and, therefore, has the potential for being abused.
Psychic dependence, physical dependence, and tolerance may develop upon repeated administration of meperidine, and it should be prescribed and administered with the same degree of caution appropriate to the use of morphine.
Like other narcotics, meperidine is subject to the provisions of the Federal narcotic laws.Interaction with Other Central Nervous System Depressants.
MEPERIDINE SHOULD BE USED WITH GREAT CAUTION AND IN REDUCED DOSAGE IN PATIENTS WHO ARE CONCURRENTLY RECEIVING OTHER NARCOTIC ANALGESICS, GENERAL ANESTHETICS, PHENOTHIAZINES, OTHER TRANQUILIZERS (SEE DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION), SEDATIVE-HYPNOTICS (INCLUDING BARBITURATES), TRICYCLIC ANTIDEPRESSANTS, AND OTHER CNS DEPRESSANTS (INCLUDING ALCOHOL).
RESPIRATORY DEPRESSION, HYPOTENSION, AND PROFOUND SEDATION OR COMA MAY RESULT.Head Injury and Increased Intracranial Pressure.
The respiratory depressant effects of meperidine and its capacity to elevate cerebrospinal fluid pressure may be markedly exaggerated in the presence of head injury, other intracranial lesions, or a preexisting increase in intracranial pressure.
Furthermore, narcotics produce adverse reactions which may obscure the clinical course of patients with head injuries.
In such patients, meperidine must be used with extreme caution and only if its use is deemed essential.Intravenous Use: See DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION.Asthma and Other Respiratory Conditions.
Meperidine should be used with extreme caution in patients having an acute asthmatic attack, patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease or cor pulmonale, patients having a substantially decreased respiratory reserve, and patients with pre-existing respiratory depression, hypoxia, or hypercapnia.
In such patients, even usual therapeutic doses of narcotics may decrease respiratory drive while simultaneously increasing airway resistance to the point of apnea.Hypotensive Effect.
The administration of meperidine may result in severe hypotension in the postoperative patient or any individual whose ability to maintain blood pressure has been compromised by a depleted blood volume or the administration of drugs such as the phenothiazines or certain anesthetics.Usage in Ambulatory Patients.
Meperidine may impair the mental and/or physical abilities required for the performance of potentially hazardous tasks such as driving a car or operating machinery.
The patient should be cautioned accordingly.Meperidine, like other narcotics, may produce orthostatic hypotension in ambulatory patients.Usage in Pregnancy and Lactation.
Meperidine should not be used in pregnant women prior to the labor period, unless in the judgment of the physician the potential benefits outweigh the possible hazards, because safe use in pregnancy prior to labor has not been established relative to possible adverse effects on fetal development.When used as an obstetrical analgesic, meperidine crosses the placental barrier and can produce depression of respiration and psychophysiologic functions in the newborn.
Resuscitation may be required (see section on OVERDOSAGE).Meperidine appears in the milk of nursing mothers receiving the drug.
NIH - Clinical Trials