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Name: Tanorexia
Description: Addiction to Sun Tanning
Creator: Dr21205
This casebook is published and has been read 615 times.
The author of this casebook has identified the following medical topics as being highly relevant to this casebook.
| Tanorexie - eine neue Lifestyle-Erkrankung | |
| Kai Michael Schmidt-Borko |
Das Krankheitsbild der Tanorexie, das übertriebene und krankhafte Verlangen nach Hautbräune, ist weder in der aktuellen ICD-10-Klassifikation noch im Diagnostischen und Statistischen Handbuch Psychischer Störungen (DSM-IV) erwähnt. Doch Dermatologen und Psychiater haben in den letzten Jahren immer wieder auf diese neue Form der Sucht und ihre langfristigen Folgen aufmerksam gemacht.
The clinical picture of Tanorexia, the exaggerated and morbid desire to tan skin, is neither in the current ICD-10 classification still in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) above. However, dermatologists and psychiatrists have in recent years repeatedly drawn attention to this new form of addiction and its long-term consequences.
Center for Dermatology Research, Department of Dermatology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27157-1071, USA.
Frequent tanning has reinforcing properties. We tested whether opioid antagonism blocks potential reinforcing effect of indoor tanning in 8 frequent tanners and 8 infrequent tanner control subjects. Opioid blockade reduced ultraviolet preference in frequent tanners. Four of 8 frequent tanners, but no infrequent tanners, exhibited withdrawal-like symptoms with naltrexone administration. A limitation of this study is its small size.
University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, USA.
Persistent tanning despite potentially fatal consequences suggests a compulsive behavior similar to other addictive disorders.
To review the literature supporting tanning addiction from an epidemiological, behavioral, and neurobiological perspective.
A comprehensive review of the medical literature was conducted to assess the health consequences of tanning, behaviors and other psychiatric disorders associated with tanning, and central rewarding effects of ultraviolet light.
Many frequent tanners endorse signs and symptoms adapted from Diagnostic and Statistical Manual-IV (DSM IV) substance abuse or dependence criteria. Recent studies suggest biochemical mechanisms may reinforce ultraviolet light seeking behavior. CONCLUSIONS AND SCIENTIFIC SIGNIFICANCE: Frequent and persistent tanning may reveal itself to be a dermatologic-psychiatric disorder with carcinogenic sequelae. Multidisciplinary studies are required to determine the validity of an addiction diagnosis and to explore pharmacologic and cognitive therapeutic options for affected persons.
Department of Dermatology and Cancer Center, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA.
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Department of Dermatology, University of Texas South-western Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
Frequent, purposeful exposure to ultraviolet (UV) light may induce a compulsive desire to tan despite the negative consequences being known, suggesting a behavioural complex similar to addictive disorders.
To assess the presence of addictive-like behaviours in subjects using indoor tanning salons.
Subjects (n = 100) were surveyed by two questionnaires: a modified CAGE questionnaire to assess behaviours consistent with problem tanning and a modified Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th edition (DSM-IV) ('substance dependence' criteria) to assess behaviours consistent with a dependence-like disorder.
In total, 41% of subjects met criteria consistent with a 'tanning addictive disorder', and an additional 33% met criteria for problematic tanning behaviour based on the modified CAGE criteria or subthreshold criteria on the modified DSM-IV criteria. Female gender and early age of onset were associated with meeting tanning addiction criteria.
A high percentage of subjects who tan frequently in indoor salons experience behaviours and consequences to their tanning consistent with other identified addictive disorders.
© 2010 The Author(s). Journal compilation © 2010 British Association of Dermatologists.
Bookmarks The following information, which has been distilled by the casebook author from this and other websites is particularly relevant to this casebook.
| Web Page | Notes | Concepts |
|---|---|---|
| An estimated 1 million times per day, someone in the United States uses ultraviolet (UV) radiation for skin tanning | (melanoma) | |
